Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, also known as acne inversa, and is characterized by the formation of recurrent boil-like nodules and abscesses that culminate in a purulent discharge, and tunnels (sinus tracts) under the skin. Often, there is some scarring in areas where skin rubs together, including intimate areas such as the armpits, groin, buttocks, and under the breasts. The exact cause of HS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. It is considered to be a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects apocrine gland-bearing skin. HS usually begins when people are in their 20s, but it can start as early as puberty or as late as their 50s. It is mostly seen in women and disproportionately affects people of color. Hormonal changes may contribute to HS symptoms, and can lead to HS flares, making the symptoms worse. More than 80% of patients have flares at least once per month and 97% of patients experience physical pain.
What are the risk factors?
Hidradenitis suppurativa is associated with several risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing the condition. The main risk factors include:
✓ Genetics: HA family history of HS can increase the risk, suggesting a genetic predisposition to the condition. Home Remedies include: Here are some home remedies that may help alleviate symptoms:
❖ Warm Compresses: Applying warm compresses to affected areas can help reduce pain and promote drainage of abscesses. Use a clean cloth soaked in warm water, and apply it for about 15-20 minutes several times a day. Warm compress can provide some pain relief while also helping your cysts drain in a more hygienic way.
❖ Good Hygiene: Keeping the affected areas clean and dry is essential. Gently cleanse the skin with a mild soap and water, and dry thoroughly to minimize irritation. You may also choose an antimicrobial body wash to reduce bacteria. Acne-wash that contains benzoyl peroxide may also help with HS lesions.
❖ Natural Antiseptics: Using natural antiseptics may help prevent infections. Tea Tree Oil which is known for its antibacterial properties, can be diluted with a carrier oil and applied to the affected area. Dilute apple cider vinegar can be used as a topical treatment to help with inflammation and bacteria.
❖ Turmeric Paste: Turmeric has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and these antimicrobial properties may help reduce HS symptoms. The active ingredient in turmeric is called curcumin which is responsible for turmeric’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Curcumin works at a cellular level to target free radicals. These free radicals cause damage to the body. Curcumin is thought to target these free radical and helps to inhibit the production of chemicals that cause inflammation. Additionally, the paste made from turmeric powder and water or coconut oil can be applied to the affected areas.
❖ Aloe Vera: Aloe vera is known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. Applying pure aloe vera gel can help soothe irritated skin. Aloe vera is a moisturizer, it can help with pain and inflammation that is often associated with HS.
❖ Weight Management: People who are overweight or obese are far more likely to develop HS than people with healthy body weights. If obesity is a contributing factor, maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can help reduce friction and irritation in affected areas. Obese people have a higher level of insulin-like growth factors which can lead to larger cysts in greater volumes. People with HS who lose weight may even stop having HS flares entirely.
❖ Loose Clothing: Wearing loose-fitting, breathable clothing can help reduce friction and irritation on the skin. Clothing materials such as rayon, cotton, and bamboo fabrics are all recommended for people with HS in helping to reduce as much friction as possible.
❖ Stress Management: Studies suggest that hibiscus tea or extract may help lower blood pressure due to its diuretic properties and antioxidant content.
❖ Zinc: Zinc is an essential mineral that plays a vital role in various physiological functions, including immune system function, wound healing, and inflammatory responses. Zinc has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, which may help reduce the inflammation associated with HS flare-ups. By modulating the immune response, zinc may help decrease the severity of the inflammatory process in the skin. Remember that zinc is crucial for wound healing and tissue repair. Individuals with HS often experience skin lesions, abscesses, and scarring, and adequate zinc levels may promote faster healing of these wounds and reduce the risk of secondary infections.
Foods That May Help:
While there is no specific diet proven to prevent hidradenitis suppurativa, many individuals with the condition report that certain dietary changes can help reduce inflammation and minimize flare-ups. Here are some dietary recommendations that may help manage symptoms:
➢ Anti-Inflammatory Foods: Incorporate foods that are known for their anti-inflammatory properties to include fruits and vegetables like berries, leafy greens, and tomatoes (without skin/seeds); these are all very high in antioxidants. Other foods containing healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids, such as fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), walnuts, and flaxseeds. Remove foods like whole-grains, brown rice, quinoa, oats, and whole wheat products as they are PRO INFLAMMATORY.
➢ Fish and Seafood: Fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, and herring are rich in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Omega-3s can help reduce the inflammatory processes associated with HS and may alleviate symptoms. The typical Western diet is often high in omega-6 fatty acids, which can promote inflammation. Increasing omega-3 intake through fish can help balance the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in the body. Shellfish like oysters, crab, shrimp, and mussels are also very important.
➢ Low Glycemic Index (GI) Foods: Foods with a low glycemic index can help stabilize blood sugar levels and may reduce inflammation; particularly berries.
➢ Avoid Trigger Foods: Dairy Products: Some people report a correlation between dairy intake and HS flare-ups. Specifically, processed foods that are high in sugars, refined carbohydrates, and unhealthy fats can promote inflammation. Nightshade Vegetables: Some individuals find that potatoes, eggplants, and peppers may trigger symptoms, though this varies by person. High Glycemic Foods: Sugary snacks, white bread, and other refined carbohydrates can lead to spikes in insulin, which may worsen inflammation.
➢ Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is essential for overall health. Aim to drink plenty of water throughout the day.
➢ Limit Alcohol and Caffeine: Some individuals with HS find that reducing alcohol and caffeine can help minimize flare-ups.
➢ Consider Supplements: While it is best to get nutrients from food, some people find that supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, or vitamin D can help. Vitamin D plays a role in immune regulation and can help reduce inflammation. Adequate zinc levels can help reduce the severity and frequency of HS flare-ups.
Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The contents of this website are based upon the views of Dr. Walker and his experience. This product is not intended as medical advice nor to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. The information is likewise not to replace the advice of a qualified health care provider. The information provided herein is intended as a sharing of general knowledge only and is not intended to be, nor is it, medical advice or a substitute for medical advice. That being said, please consult your healthcare provider before using supplements or providing supplements to children under the age of 18. If you have or suspect you have, a specific medical condition or disease, please consult your healthcare provider.
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